The Justification For Partition

The question of justification for partition is frequently asked in political debates. There are two sides to this debate: the last resort argument and the justification argument. Those who advocate the last resort argument say that alternatives such as arbitration, consociation, and integration are preferable to partition. However, this argument also accepts that partition is necessary only when other options have failed. A distrustful community will naturally look for ways to increase its security through violence. Moreover, it will only increase the insecurity of those it is targeting.

Just

One popular theme in the history of partition is the notion of political entrepreneurs, claiming that such plans are inevitable and necessary to reduce conflict. Some political scientists and historians argue that partitions are the result of multi-layered bargaining, in which the pro and anti-partition forces, along with imperial or third-party interests, tried to achieve the desired result. The minority leaders who sought partition were fascinating specimens, but did not start out as advocates for partition.

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Justification

The Justification for Partition is the inescapable rupture that occurred during the British Raj in India. While there were certain signs of communal politics in Bombay and the United Provinces, Bengal remained relatively free of tension. Partition, in fact, is an irrevocable rupture in relations between unintegrated communities. But how did it happen? Where did the fault lie? The fault lies in the hidden politicians, such as the Lucknow Gang.

The 99% Hindu population of Bengal voted for the partition, with a majority supporting East Pakistan. But this decision was not final until the legislative assembly voted on the issue. Only nineteen members of Hindu constituencies voted against it and fifty eight voted in favour. The Congress Party was not behind this decision, but the leaders of both Hindu and Muslim communities, led by Kiran Shankar Ray, were opposed to the partition. Nonetheless, their vote was significant and helped the BJP win the election in 1999.

Types

There are several different types of partitions. One type is the primary partition, found in Microsoft OS and other Windows systems. The secondary partition is an extended partition that extends from the primary partition. A secondary partition is useful for storing data in older hibernate applications. HPFS is a file system used in Microsoft and IBM systems. Other types include Next Step partition for Next Step operating systems, and Nec DOS partition for Nec DOS variants. The NTFS partition was developed by PC Armour. The first two types of partition are similar to each other and are used for storing the files and folders.

Slab partition walls are light and economical. When correctly constructed, they provide excellent thermal insulation. They are also fire-resistant. Wooden framework partitions use wood fibers. Both types are lightweight and can be positioned almost anywhere. In many cases, the slats can be fixed to the side walls and floor below. They are a popular choice because they do not have the same height requirement as solid walls. These walls can be either fire-resistant or bullet-proof, depending on their design.

Legality

The legality of partition may be disputed, however, in many situations. The partitioning powers may have a right to protect their interests rather than the interests of the peoples they separate, which may explain the increased frequency of partitions during the Cold War and European imperialism. If a partition violates the rights of the peoples it separates, it may be a violation of international law. If so, it is imperative that the partitioning power comply with the rules governing international law.

Apartheid laws are incompatible with the principles of international law, which requires the state to respect the rights of all its citizens. Thus, the law does not support partition. In addition, partition is a hegemonic act. It requires the consent of a higher authority to enforce the division. However, most partition treaties are secretive, and it is a violation of international peace and stability if it results in the destruction of one state or part of a country.

Peoples in partitioned territories

Peoples and territories can have varying political status. A partition may be external, resulting from lost wars, or it may be internal, resulting from federations, empires, and provinces being divided. Peoples within a partition may be citizens, colonial subjects, or subjects of a conquering power. The partitioning process usually follows a pattern of violence, and may not necessarily be peaceful.

Partitions are not only destructive of the ethnic identities of peoples, but they also threaten the future of that community. Many ethnic groups will mobilize for war, and will protect their own islands by expelling the others. The underlying principle of partition is the elimination of the necessity for expulsion and cleansing. However, the arguments for partition are often political and moral, and cover up more sinister motives. Many people, including some politicians, view partitions as an appropriate policy for ethnically intermixed populations. In addition, some people view partition as an appropriate response to the threat of ethnic conflict or the need to preserve national unity. However, if partition is not justified by its intended purpose, it is likely to be a license for further ethnic conflict, including genocide.

Distinction between internal and external partitions

Historically, the separation of peoples into countries is based on political and social divisions. The division of the Indian subcontinent in 1947 has been one of the most enduring and controversial examples. While partitions have been justified by their economic benefits, they are also highly inefficient, creating new intergovernmental security crises. As a result, they increase the cost of transactions, encourage protectionism, and foster smuggling and border-related criminality. The partitions also depreciate significant capital investments, especially in transport and communications, as roads and railways cease to perform their original functions, airports suffer severe economic losses, and other sectors such as agriculture, natural resource extraction, and energy distribution fail to work together effectively.

Internal and external partitions differ in their causes. They are typically driven by political, economic, and social factors. External partitions involve the destruction or modification of an existing sovereign boundary. Examples include the partitions of Hungary, Cyprus, and British India. In addition, they result from lost wars or other political conflicts. In addition to political and social divisions, partitions often cause conflict between peoples. This makes it easier for the governing authorities to create internal and external partitions.